# SciSpace 文獻查詢報告 — 口顎肌功能異常多系統影響 **研究焦點**：逆吞嚥、OMT、舌繫帶沾黏、NCCLs、口呼吸、OSA **資料來源**：SciSpace（CDP 真實 Chrome，v8.3） **查詢時間**：2026-04-14 14:15 **查詢數**：8 | **成功**：8/8 | **論文**：80 --- ## 查詢：逆吞嚥與口顎肌功能治療（OMT）療效 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Impact of Oral Myofunctional Therapy on Orofacial Myofunctional Status and Tongue Strength in Patien | Francesco Mozzanica; Nicole Pizzorni; Letizia Scarponi; Gior | | | | 2 | Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Tongue Thrust Habit: A Narrative Review. | Sejal S Shah; Meenakshi Nankar; Vikas Bendgude; Bhagyashree | | | | 3 | Rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale assistée par gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée : une rev | Philippe Amat | | | | 4 | Myofunctional Therapy in Atypical Swallowing: A Scoping Review | Felipe Inostroza-Allende; Cristóbal Caviedes Ulloa; Patricio | | | | 5 | The efficacy of orofacial myofunctional therapy in oral dysphagia accompanying temporomandibular dys | Hazel ÇELİK GÜZEL; Ayşenur Tuncer | | | | 6 | Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis | Elias S. Saba; Hannah Kim; P.P. Huynh; Nan Jiang | | | | 7 | [Effects of orofacial myofunctional therapy on postoperative outcomes of upper airway surgery for ad | Chucheng Wu; Zhenzhang Lu; Liqing Chen; Guohui Nie; Yongtian | | | | 8 | A case study on myofunctional therapy and malocclusions created by oral habits. | | | | | 9 | The use of straightwire technique and myofunctional therapy to treat anterior open bite due to tongu | Budi Suhartono | | | | 10 | Effect of orofacial myofunctional therapy along with preformed appliances on patients with mixed den | Xue Yang; Guang-Yun Lai; Jun Wang | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Impact of Oral Myofunctional Therapy on Orofacial Myofunctional Status and Tongue Strength in Patients with Tongue Thrust.** > **[原文]** Introduction Tongue thrust is a frequent clinical condition characterized by abnormal patterns of movements and altered tongue posture on the mouth floor. It might contribute to determining alterations in the maxillofacial morphology and in the development of malocclusion. Several therapeutic options are available for treatment. In particular, the orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is frequently adopted even if only few studies have analyzed its efficacy using validated instruments and no information is available regarding the effect of dentition on the results obtained with OMT. Objective To evaluate the effect of OMT through a validated instrument and explore the role of dentition on its efficacy. Methods A total of 22 consecutive patients with tongue thrust were enrolled. According t > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Tongue Thrust Habit: A Narrative Review.** > **[原文]** Aim and objective The respective review article is to provide an overview of the various exercises in orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) as a treatment modality for tongue thrust habit. Tongue thrust is the persistence of an infantile swallow pattern during late childhood. This leads to breathing and speech difficulties, open bite, and protruded teeth. During formative years, most children successfully transition from an infantile to a mature swallowing pattern. However, a few develop a retained infantile swallow and tongue thrust habit which could be due to abnormal habit like thumb sucking or an underlying cause like enlarged adenoids. Adverse effects of these habits can be avoided by early detection and intervention in a growing child. Tongue thrust can be treated in different ways w > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] Rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale assistée par gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée : une revue systématique de la littérature** > **[原文]** Several cross-sectional studies have shown the association of a dysfunctional orofacial environment with a greater prevalence of malocclusions. Orofacial myofunctional reeducation (OFMR) is the rehabilitation of the muscles, functions and resting postures of the orofacial complex. It is used in the therapeutic management of orofacial dysfunction in patients of all ages and with a wide range of disorders and comorbidities. RMOF mainly uses isotonic and isometric exercises targeting the oral and oropharyngeal structures, combined with specific exercises for ventilation, swallowing and mastication. It may involve the use of prefabricated reeducation appliances (PRAs), which may also be prescribed to modify the shape and relationship of the dental arches.The primary objective of this systemati > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] Myofunctional Therapy in Atypical Swallowing: A Scoping Review** > **[原文]** Background: Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is frequently applied to correct atypical swallowing, yet its therapeutic strategies remain heterogeneous and poorly standardized. Objective: This scoping review aimed to characterize the strategies described in the literature for OMT in individuals diagnosed with atypical swallowing. Methods: Following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, and with a registered protocol, we included clinical and experimental studies without age restriction, conducted in clinical or research contexts. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library using MeSH terms and specific keywords. Data were extracted using a standardized form and summarized descriptively. Results: Twelve studies published between 1989 and 2024, involving > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] The efficacy of orofacial myofunctional therapy in oral dysphagia accompanying temporomandibular dysfunction.** > **[原文]** OBJECTIVE Patients with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) may develop oral-stage dysphagia (OD) in the chronic phase. METHODS This study investigated the effect of orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) in individuals with TMD-related OD. Fifty-one patients aged 18-65 years with TMD-related OD were separated into three groups using a simple randomization method: the control group (n = 12) underwent patient education and a home-exercise program; additionally, to an exercise program the manual therapy (MT) group (n = 19) received MT; and the OMT group (n = 20) received the OMT program. MT and OMT were applied in two sessions per week for 10 weeks. The patients were re-evaluated after treatment and at 3 months. RESULTS The OMT group showed the most improvement in jaw functionality, swall > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis** > **[原文]** Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is an alternative form of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), that incorporates various exercises to optimize tongue placement and increase oropharyngeal tone. The objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to determine the efficacy of OMT in OSA patients. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] [Effects of orofacial myofunctional therapy on postoperative outcomes of upper airway surgery for adults with severe obstructive sleep apnea].** > **[原文]** Objective:To investigate the effect of orofacial myofunctional therapy on the clinical efficacy of upper airway surgery for adults with severe obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）. Methods:A total of 48 patients with OSA who underwent upper airway surgery in the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from June 2020 to September 2021 were included in this study. These patients were randomly divided into the combination group（21 cases） and the surgery group（27 cases）. The effective rate, AHI, minimum blood oxygen saturation, snoring events and Epworth sleepiness scale scores at 6 months after operation were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results:The proportions of AHI, LSaO2, snoring events, and total snoring time in the combined group at 6 months after operation were（14.77±9.15） times/h, > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] A case study on myofunctional therapy and malocclusions created by oral habits.** > **[原文]** To demonstrate the effect of an orofacial myofunctional therapy intervention by an interdisciplinary team composed of a registered dental hygienist who is also a certified orofacial myologist (COM®), a general dentist, and an orthodontist on the elimination of oral habits and changes in dental malocclusion.This case study describes a 7-year-old female who underwent an individualized myofunctional therapy program and was given supervised education on a series of exercises targeting the muscles of mastication and facial expression over 5 months. Correct oral rest postures of the tongue and the lips were also established through therapy.The intervention enabled the client to eliminate multiple oral habits, which corrected oral rest postures of the lips and tongue. This correction consequently > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] The use of straightwire technique and myofunctional therapy to treat anterior open bite due to tongue thrusting (case report)** > **[原文]** Background : In contrast to the posterior teeth, which are still in occlusion, No incisal contact in the anterior part of the maxilla and mandibula between the vertical dimension is referred to as anterior open. Skeletal irregularity during the expansion of the intermaxillary gap and poor habits can both contribute to openbite. Tongue thrusting is one of the undesirable practices that might result in anterior openbite. Objective : This treatment's objective is to break negative habits by employing myofunctional therapy to develop a healthy swallowing pattern and train the posture of the tongue and lips while at rest. Case Report : A 19-year-old woman who protruded her tongue visited a dental office with the main complaint of an unattractive anterior open bite. She had an open bite of 12 12 > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] Effect of orofacial myofunctional therapy along with preformed appliances on patients with mixed dentition and lip incompetence** > **[原文]** Various preformed early orthodontic appliances for correcting oral habits and training orofacial muscles have emerged on the market. However, there are few reports on the effectiveness of these appliances for orofacial myofunctional training.This retrospective study evaluated children with lip incompetence and mixed dentition treated at the Pediatric Dentistry Department of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from 2016 to 2018. A total of 109 children (54 males, 55 females; age range: 7-10 years, mean age: 8.2 years) were selected from an overall sample of 870 patients. During the first visit, all patients were instructed to perform active lip and tongue training at home daily and were divided into two groups according to the kind of appliances worn. The first group consisted of 56 subjects ( > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：舌繫帶沾黏與睡眠呼吸中止症 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Relationship of ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea: systematic review and meta-analysis. | Sara Camañes-Gonzalvo; José María Montiel-Company; Vanessa P | | | | 2 | Is ankyloglossia associated with obstructive sleep apnea | Marieli Timpani Bussi; Camila de Castro Corrêa; Arthur Justi | | | | 3 | Is ankyloglossia associated with obstructive sleep apnea? | Marieli Timpani Bussi; Camila de Castro Corrêa; Arthur Justi | | | | 4 | Effectiveness of myofunctional therapy with frenectomy in adult patients with obstructive sleep apne | Chanadda Preedeewong | | | | 5 | Ankyloglossia in children, a cause of obstructive sleep apnoea: Case report Paediatric Ankylog | Johanna-Ximenez Valderrama-Penagos; Laura Rodríguez Alcalá; | | | | 6 | Ankyloglossia in Children, a Cause of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Case Report of Paediatric Ankyloglos | Johanna Ximena Valderrama-Penagos; Laura Rodríguez Alcalá; G | | | | 7 | Effectiveness of Myofunctional Therapy in Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review | María del Puerto González Garrido; Cristina Garcia-Muñoz; Ma | | | | 8 | Tethered oral tissues as a differential diagnostic tool in infants and toddlers presenting with obst | Lawrence Kotlow | | | | 9 | Management of ankyloglossia (tongue tie)-A Case Series | Ashwini Koti; Rathnashree; Sadiya Naz; Bharath Vardhana; Pri | | | | 10 | Is Ankyloglossia Correlated With Pediatric Sleep Disordered Breathing? A Systematic Review | Nainika Venugopal; Josh Neposlan; Andrew Bysice; Sami Khoury | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Relationship of ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea: systematic review and meta-analysis.** > **[原文]** Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of a short lingual frenulum as a risk factor for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. A shortened frenulum may contribute to abnormal orofacial development, leading to increased upper airway resistance and susceptibility to upper airway collapsibility during sleep. Recognizing early indicators, such as a short lingual frenulum, is crucial for prompt intervention. This systematic review aims to evaluate the association between a short lingual frenulum and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children.This systematic review adheres to PRISMA criteria for a quantitative analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted on five databases until January 2024 to identify relevant studies. The selected articles underwent rigorous an > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] Is ankyloglossia associated with obstructive sleep apnea** > **[原文]** Objectives To investigate the evidence on the association between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods An integrative literature review was carried out in the databases. Observational and interventional studies that assessed the lingual frenulum in children with sleep-disordered breathing were included. As exclusion criteria: studies in animals, in vitro, letters to the editor, expert opinions, other reviews. The selected articles were analyzed regarding the study design, sample, characterization of the lingual frenulum and sleep assessment, in addition to the main results and conclusions. Results Ninety-seven articles were identified, but only 4 met the inclusion criteria. Two retrospective studies concluded that the untreated shortened lingual frenulum at birth is associate > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] Is ankyloglossia associated with obstructive sleep apnea?** > **[原文]** Abstract Objectives To investigate the evidence on the association between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods An integrative literature review was carried out in the databases. Observational and interventional studies that assessed the lingual frenulum in children with sleep-disordered breathing were included. As exclusion criteria: studies in animals, in vitro, letters to the editor, expert opinions, other reviews. The selected articles were analyzed regarding the study design, sample, characterization of the lingual frenulum and sleep assessment, in addition to the main results and conclusions. Results Ninety-seven articles were identified, but only 4 met the inclusion criteria. Two retrospective studies concluded that the untreated shortened lingual frenulum at birth is > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] Effectiveness of myofunctional therapy with frenectomy in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea and ankyloglossia** > **[原文]** In recent years, myofunctional therapy has emerged as a noninvasive treatment modality for patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), owing to its lower cost and reduced risk of serious side effects compared to other therapeutic options. Furthermore, myofunctional therapy may be considered for patients who cannot tolerate continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or oral appliances. However, ankyloglossia, a congenital condition characterized by restricted tongue movement, has been shown to limit the exercise regimen and compromise the effectiveness of myofunctional therapy. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of myofunctional therapy combined with frenectomy for adult OSA patients with ankyloglossia. The prospective, cohort, randomized clinical study with 15 adult pa > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] Ankyloglossia in children, a cause of obstructive sleep apnoea: Case report Paediatric Ankyloglossia and sleep apnoea. Dise resolves the mystery.** > **[原文]** Tongue mobility is an obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) marker and myofunctional therapy (MFT) target. For this reason, all patients with sleep-disordered breathing should require a combined functional assessment from an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist and a phonoaudiologist to confirm or rule out the presence of tongue-tie. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a 13-year-old girl diagnosed with severe OSA and a significant decrease of 94% in her apnoea index (AI), requiring frenotomy with immediate postoperative change in the tongue position. A drug-induced sleep en-doscopy (DISE) was performed before and immediately post-frenotomy, and the anatomical changes provoked by this surgery during sleep were confirmed for the first time. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] Ankyloglossia in Children, a Cause of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Case Report of Paediatric Ankyloglossia and Sleep Apnoea: DISE Resolves the Mystery** > **[原文]** Tongue mobility is an obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) marker and myofunctional therapy (MFT) target. For this reason, all paediatric patients with sleep-disordered breathing should require a combined functional assessment from an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist and a phonoaudiologist to confirm or rule out the presence of ankyloglossia. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a 13-year-old girl diagnosed with severe OSA and a significant decrease of 94% in her apnoea index (AI), requiring frenotomy with an immediate postoperative change in the tongue position. A drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) was performed before and immediately postfrenotomy, and the anatomical changes provoked by this surgery during sleep were confirmed for the first time. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] Effectiveness of Myofunctional Therapy in Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review** > **[原文]** Ankyloglossia is a pathology of the tongue in which the frenulum appears anchored to the floor of the mouth. The treatment of choice for this pathology is frenectomy, but myofunctional therapy is emerging in recent years as a complement to surgical intervention. This systematic review aims to synthesize the scientific evidence and assess its quality regarding the use of myofunctional therapy in ankyloglossia. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched. Study quality was determined using the PEDro scale, STROBE statement and single-case experimental design scale. Eleven studies were selected. Based on the studies included in this review, surgery is more effective than myofunctional therapy, although be > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] Tethered oral tissues as a differential diagnostic tool in infants and toddlers presenting with obstructive sleep apnea and air induced reflux** > **[原文]** Background Paediatric dentists treating infants presenting with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux or sleep apnoea can see a clinical improvements of symptoms of over 90 per cent in both air induced reflux and OSA. Aims The purpose of this paper is to open the eyes of the medical profession and health care community on need to understand that the ankylosed tongue needs to be included a differential diagnosis when evaluating infants having symptoms suggesting gastroesophageal reflux and obstructive sleep apnoea. Methods Surgical revisions using the 9300nm Carbon dioxide laser without the need for general anaesthetics in the dental office. Results Resolution or reduction of these problems often related to the tethered oral tissues can be seen in over 90 per cent of infants within 24-48 hour > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] Management of ankyloglossia (tongue tie)-A Case Series** > **[原文]** Ankyloglossia commonly referred to as tongue-tie is a condition caused by a short and thick lingual frenulum leading to restricted tongue movement. This limitation can result in functional complications such as abnormal speech malocclusion midline diastema mandibular lingual gingival recession and difficulty swallowing. These challenges can significantly impact an individuals daily activities and quality of life. In this report treatment was followed by post-operative recall and speech therapy sessions resulting in marked improvement in tongue mobility and speech across all treated cases. Diagnosis was conducted clinically using Kotlowrsquos classification. The findings highlight that the conventional scalpel-based method of frenectomy is relatively painless reliable and effective. Unlike > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] Is Ankyloglossia Correlated With Pediatric Sleep Disordered Breathing? A Systematic Review** > **[原文]** Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) affects 2%-11% of children, predisposing them to neurobehavioral and developmental consequences. Ankyloglossia has been proposed as a risk factor for SDB, and frenotomy as a treatment for SDB in children with ankyloglossia. With increasing ankyloglossia diagnoses, it is critical to evaluate the evidence for a linkage between SDB and ankyloglossia. EMBASE, Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL, CCRCT, and SCOPUS were searched from inception to February 13, 2025. Publications assessing the relationship between ankyloglossia and SDB in non-syndromic children ages 0 to 18 years were included. Eight studies involving 1171 patients met inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts for inclusion. Strength of clinical data was graded a > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：口呼吸與顎骨發育/錯咬合 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Mouth breathing and its impact on orthodontic treatment and orofacial development: a systematic revi | Cristian Romanec; Tinela Panaite; Emma Alexandra Rotaru; Ale | | | | 2 | https://athenaeumpub.com/wp-content/uploads/Mouth-Breathing-and-Its-Implications-for-Dental-Malocclu | Viviana Macho | | | | 3 | An Overview of Mouth Breathing Syndrome and its Effect on Dental Development | R. AlDomyati; Zahra Alkhawaja; Yousef Hussain J. Alharthi; L | | | | 4 | Oral Breathing Effects on Malocclusions and Mandibular Posture: Complex Consequences on Dentofacial | Dana Feștilă; Cristina Dora Ciobotaru; Tudor-Sergiu Suciu; C | | | | 5 | Effects of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development in children: a systematic review and meta- | Ziyi Zhao; Leilei Zheng; Xiaoya Huang; Caiyu Li; Jing Liu | | | | 6 | [Early orthodontic treatment of mouth breathing related to malocclusion in children]. | H. He | | | | 7 | The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: A concise review | Lizhuo Lin; Tingting Zhao; Danchen Qin; Fang Hua; Hong He | | | | 8 | The effects of adenoid hypertrophy and oral breathing on maxillofacial development: a review of the | Yanan Ma; Lili Xie; Wenhui Wu | | | | 9 | Mouth breathing: adverse effects on facial growth, health, academics, and behavior. | Yosh Jefferson | | | | 10 | The interdependence of mouth breathing and facial structure. The adenoidal face and its aesthetic im | Magdalena Skowrońska; Agnieszka Nawrocka | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Mouth breathing and its impact on orthodontic treatment and orofacial development: a systematic review** > **[原文]** Background: Mouth breathing significantly impacts orofacial development and orthodontic outcomes, contributing to malocclusion, narrow palates, and altered facial growth. This systematic review explores its causes, effects, and treatment strategies in orthodontics.Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and PMC databases for studies published between 2000 and 2024. Keywords included "mouth breathing and orthodontics" and "impact of mouth breathing on malocclusion." Inclusion criteria focused on studies examining skeletal and oral development, orthodontic interventions for mouth breathers, and clinical trials. Data extraction captured sample size, study design, and outcomes.Results: Chronic mouth breathing, caused by nasal obstruction, adenoid > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] https://athenaeumpub.com/wp-content/uploads/Mouth-Breathing-and-Its-Implications-for-Dental-Malocclusion-A-Systematic-Review.pdf** > **[原文]** Topic covered: During the growth phase, children with mouth breathing develop various morphological and structural changes that can lead to craniofacial alterations and consequently, dental alterations. Objective: This systematic review aimed to assess whether children with mouth breathing have a higher prevalence of occlusion anomalies. The aim was to answer the following question: Is mouth breathing related to changes in occlusion in the oral cavity? Methods: The methodology was carried out through a search in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scielo and B-on databases. The following filters were applied in the research: limit of the last 10 years (2013-2023), “free full text” and language in Portuguese, English and French. Children under the age of 18 with mouth breathing and observational > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] An Overview of Mouth Breathing Syndrome and its Effect on Dental Development** > **[原文]** Mouth breathing syndrome is a major harmful oral condition in children that causes them to switch from exclusively nasal breathing to mouth breathing or mixed breathing. It frequently happens as a result of an obstruction of the upper airway, which forces all or part of the air to enter through the mouth. Serious morphological and quality-of-life alterations are brought on by it. There are a number of causes for mouth breathing, but allergic rhinitis may be the most widespread, affecting more children. The second reason for this breathing pattern is palatine tonsils and adenoids. This multifactorial condition jeopardizes the balance of stomatognathic functions such as chewing, swallowing, breathing, and phonation, as well as creating conditions that influence the individual's development. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] Oral Breathing Effects on Malocclusions and Mandibular Posture: Complex Consequences on Dentofacial Development in Pediatric Orthodontics** > **[原文]** Background/Objectives: Oral breathing is a common condition, particularly in children, and it is associated with significant changes in craniofacial development, dentomaxillary anomalies, and overall health. Despite extensive research, the role of oral breathing in the development of malocclusion remains controversial, with debates on whether it is a causative factor or a secondary adaptation to existing craniofacial issues. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes studies published in the last 15 years, focusing on the impact of oral breathing on dentofacial development and mandibular posture. A comprehensive search was conducted on four electronic databases (Embase, Medline, ProQUEST, Scopus) using keywords related to oral breathing, malocclusion, mandibular posture, and craniofacial d > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] Effects of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis** > **[原文]** Mouth breathing is closely related to the facial skeletal development and malocclusion. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effect of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development and malocclusion in children. An electronic search in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE and Sigle through February 23rd, 2020, was conducted. Inclusion criteria were children under 18 years of age with maxillofacial deformities due to mouth breathing. The risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for controlled clinical trials. The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used for the quality assessment. The included indicators were SNA, SNB, ANB, SN-OP, SN-PP, PP-MP, SNGoG > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] [Early orthodontic treatment of mouth breathing related to malocclusion in children].** > **[原文]** Mouth breathing is one of the most common oral and maxillofacial abnormalities in children. Children with mouth breathing are often accompanied by obstructive sleep apnea, which not only affects children's dentofacial development, leading to the occurrence of malocclusion, but also may lead to a series of serious systemic complications. The diagnosis and treatment of mouth breathing and its related malocclusions require multidisciplinary collaboration. This paper discusses the etiology and harm of mouth breathing, diagnosis of mouth breathing related problems, correlation between mouth breathing and malocclusion, treatment of mouth breathing related malocclusions. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: A concise review** > **[原文]** Mouth breathing is one of the most common deleterious oral habits in children. It often results from upper airway obstruction, making the air enter completely or partially through oral cavity. In addition to nasal obstruction caused by various kinds of nasal diseases, the pathological hypertrophy of adenoids and/or tonsils is often the main etiologic factor of mouth breathing in children. Uncorrected mouth breathing can result in abnormal dental and maxillofacial development and affect the health of dentofacial system. Mouth breathers may present various types of growth patterns and malocclusion, depending on the exact etiology of mouth breathing. Furthermore, breathing through the oral cavity can negatively affect oral health, increasing the risk of caries and periodontal diseases. This r > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] The effects of adenoid hypertrophy and oral breathing on maxillofacial development: a review of the literature.** > **[原文]** According to modern epidemiological surveys, the prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy in children and adolescents ranges from 42% to 70%. Adenoid hypertrophy can lead to airway obstruction; thus forces a child to breathe through their mouth, thus affecting the normal development of the dental and maxillofacial area, and can lead to malocclusion. Long-term mouth breathing can cause sagittal, vertical and lateral changes in the maxillofacial area. In this article, we review the current research status relating to the association between adenoid hypertrophy, oral breathing and maxillofacial growth and development in children and adolescents. We also discuss the personalized formulation of treatment plans. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] Mouth breathing: adverse effects on facial growth, health, academics, and behavior.** > **[原文]** The vast majority of health care professionals are unaware of the negative impact of upper airway obstruction (mouth breathing) on normal facial growth and physiologic health. Children whose mouth breathing is untreated may develop long, narrow faces, narrow mouths, high palatal vaults, dental malocclusion, gummy smiles, and many other unattractive facial features, such as skeletal Class II or Class III facial profiles. These children do not sleep well at night due to obstructed airways; this lack of sleep can adversely affect their growth and academic performance. Many of these children are misdiagnosed with attention deficit disorder (ADD) and hyperactivity. It is important for the entire health care community (including general and pediatric dentists) to screen and diagnose for mouth br > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] The interdependence of mouth breathing and facial structure. The adenoidal face and its aesthetic implications** > **[原文]** Oral breathing has a significant impact on the development, aesthetics, and structure of the facial skeleton, particularly in terms of the so-called adenoidal face. Prolonged mouth breathing, which often results from chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, e.g., hypertrophy of the pharyngeal and palatine tonsils, is associated with a number of destructive anatomical and functional changes in the face and stomatognathic system. The study aimed to discuss the interrelationship between mouth breathing and the processes involved in the formation of facial proportions and malocclusion. Facial skeletal disorders are crucial for health and physical attractiveness. Correct diagnosis of the problem in young children can have a significant impact on improving health and appearance in la > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：非齲性齒頸部磨耗與舌推力生物力學 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Biomechanics of non-carious cervical lesions in finite element models: an integrative review | Ricardo Barbosa-Lima; Sabrina Nascimento Ribeiro; Juliely Na | | | | 2 | Biomechanics of Noncarious Cervical Lesions | Gabriela Beresescu; L. C. Brezeanu | | | | 3 | Photomechanical studies on non-carious-cervical-lesions of the teeth (Invited Paper) | A. Kishen; Keson Beng Choon Tan; A. Asundi | | | | 4 | Stress Analysis of Occlusal Forces in Canine Teeth and Their Role in the Development of Non-Carious | Shihab Romeed; Raheel Malik; Stephen Dunne | | | | 5 | The biomechanics of abfraction. | Jeremy Simon Rees | | | | 6 | Influence of non carious cervical lesions depth, loading point application and restoration on stress | Livia Fávaro Zeola; Fabrícia Araújo Pereira; Alexia da Mata | | | | 7 | Analysis of the Abfraction Lesions Formation Mechanism by the Finite Element Method | Selma Jakupovic; Edin Cerjakovic; Alan Topcic; Muhamed Ajano | | | | 8 | Non carious cervical lesions. A review. | Paola Ceruti; Giulio Menicucci; G D Mariani; D Pittoni; G. G | | | | 9 | Abfraction, Abrasion, Biocorrosion, and the Enigma of Noncarious Cervical Lesions: A 20‐Year Perspec | John O. Grippo; Marvin Simring; Marvin Simring; Thomas A. Co | | | | 10 | Lesões cervicais não cariosas- uma revisão de literatura | Ana Luisa Gomes Portela; Maria Eduarda Alves Formiga; Lílian | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Biomechanics of non-carious cervical lesions in finite element models: an integrative review** > **[原文]** Non-carious cervical lesions affect permanent teeth and cause the loss of healthy dental structure through a non-bacterial process. The occurrence of these lesions is multifactorial, although components of the occlusion are frequently associated. The objective of this article is to present a biomechanics of non-carious cervical lesions in finite element models. It is an integrative review of in silico studies carried out in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, using a PICo search strategy with descriptors. Studies in three dimensions carried out using finite element softwares that evaluated the biomechanical behavior of non-carious cervical lesions, without language restriction, published between 2000 and 2019 were included. Nine studies were eligible, analyzed and synthesized. The > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] Biomechanics of Noncarious Cervical Lesions** > **[原文]** Noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) restoration represents a unique clinical situation due to their multifactorial etiology. Though the mechanical theory of cervical lesions formation is widely accepted, its mechanism is not fully understood. The incidence of NCCL refers to the facial and oral aspects of the teeth. Finite Elements Method (FEM) were drawn up, applied with various occlusal forces and analyzed in order to observe the stress distribution. The standard biomechanical unit involves restorative material, tooth structure and interface between the restoration and tooth. The purpose of this study was to examine the NCCL formation caused by occlusal forces and the behavior of restored and unrestored lesions. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] Photomechanical studies on non-carious-cervical-lesions of the teeth (Invited Paper)** > **[原文]** This study aims to examine the biomechanical factor underlying the origin of Non-Carious-Cervical-Lesions by examining the strain distribution in the enamel and dentine. A digital moire interferometry was utilized for this purpose. It is observed from this study that the enamel displayed marked strains in the lateral direction, while the dentine experienced marked strains in the axial and lateral directions during compression. The strains in the enamel and the dentine displayed both normal and shear components. The shear strain in the lateral direction within the enamel and the normal and shear strains in the axial and lateral directions within the coronal dentine concentrated at the cervical region. These experiments highlights that the biting loads will contribute to the loss of hard tis > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] Stress Analysis of Occlusal Forces in Canine Teeth and Their Role in the Development of Non-Carious Cervical Lesions: Abfraction** > **[原文]** Non-carious cervical tooth lesions for many decades were attributed to the effects of abrasion and erosion mainly through toothbrush trauma, abrasive toothpaste, and erosive acids. However, though the above may be involved, more recently a biomechanical theory for the formation of these lesions has arisen, and the term abfraction was coined. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanics of abfraction lesions in upper canine teeth under axial and lateral loading conditions using a three-dimensional finite element analysis. An extracted human upper canine tooth was scanned by μCT machine (Skyscan, Belgium). These μCT scans were segmented, reconstructed, and meshed using ScanIP (Simpleware, Exeter, UK) to create a three-dimensional finite element model. A 100 N load was applied ax > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] The biomechanics of abfraction.** > **[原文]** The role of occlusal loading in the development of non-carious cervical lesions is becoming increasingly prominent. It is suggested that high occlusal loads result in large stress concentrations in the cervical region of the teeth. These stresses may be high enough to cause disruption of the bonds between the hydroxyapatite crystals, eventually resulting in the loss of cervical enamel. This article reviews the evidence to support the thesis that occlusal loading can contribute to the process of non-carious cervical tooth loss or abfraction. It also reviews the potential interactions between occlusal loading and erosion that may contribute to non-carious cervical tooth loss. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] Influence of non carious cervical lesions depth, loading point application and restoration on stress distribution pattern in lower premolars: a 2D finite element analysis = Influência da profundidade da lesão cervical não cariosa, ponto de aplicação ...** > **[原文]** The aim of this study was to analyze the biomechanical behavior of lower premolars regarding the non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) depth, load type and restoration status, using finite element analysis. Two-dimensional virtual model simulating a healthy lower premolar  were created using the CAD software. Based on this image, five models were generated: healthy (H), three types of NCCLs: small lesion (SL – 0.5 mm deep), medium lesion (ML – 1.0 mm), deep lesion (DL – 1.5 mm), and restored lesion (RL). The models were export to a CAE software (ANSYS Finite Element Analysis Software), the areas of all structures were plotted and each model was meshed using a control mesh device. All of the virtual models were subjected to two occlusal load types, (100N each): occlusal load (OL) and buccal lo > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] Analysis of the Abfraction Lesions Formation Mechanism by the Finite Element Method** > **[原文]** Introduction: An abfraction lesion is a type of a non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) that represents a sharp defect on the cervical part of tooth, caused by occlusal biomechanical forces. The largest prevalence of the NCCL is found on the mandibular first premolar. The goal of the study is, by means of a numerical method – the finite element method (FEM), in an appropriate computer program, conduct a stress analysis of the mandibular premolar under various static loads, with a special reference to the biomechanics of cervical tooth region. Material and methods: A three-dimensional model of the mandibular premolar is gained from a µCT x-ray image. By using the FEM, straining of the enamel, dentin, peridontal ligament and alveolar bone under axial and paraxial forces of 200 [N] is analyzed. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] Non carious cervical lesions. A review.** > **[原文]** Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) are characterized by a loss of hard dental tissue near the cement-enamel-junction. Commonly, their shape is like a wedge with the apex pointing inwards. Other times, they appear as regular depressions, like a dome or a cup. Their main characteristic is the presence of hard-mineralized tissue. According to the literature, the prevalence of cervical lesions is 85%, while their incidence is about 18% among permanent teeth. NCCL are currently classified as erosion, abrasion, or abfraction. Their etiology seems to be related to different factors: hexogen and endogen acids, mechanical abrasive action, tooth flexion under axial and non-axial loads. Moreover, it seems that a fundamental role is ascribable to tooth bending phenomena due to the strength components > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] Abfraction, Abrasion, Biocorrosion, and the Enigma of Noncarious Cervical Lesions: A 20‐Year Perspective** > **[原文]** Hitherto, noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) of teeth have been generally ascribed to either toothbrush—dentifrice abrasion or acid "erosion." The last two decades have provided a plethora of new studies concerning such lesions. The most significant studies are reviewed and integrated into a practical approach to the understanding and designation of these lesions. A paradigm shift is suggested regarding use of the term "biocorrosion" to supplant "erosion" as it continues to be misused in the United States and many other countries of the world. Biocorrosion embraces the chemical, biochemical, and electrochemical degradation of tooth substance caused by endogenous and exogenous acids, proteolytic agents, as well as the piezoelectric effects only on dentin. Abfraction, representing the micro > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] Lesões cervicais não cariosas- uma revisão de literatura** > **[原文]** As lesões cervicais não cariosas (LCNCs) são uma condição patológica cada vez mais comum na prática odontológica moderna. Elas resultam na perda de tecido dental na região da junção amelocementária e têm etiologias multifatoriais, como abrasão, atrição, abfração e biocorrosão. Com o aumento da longevidade da população e mudanças nos hábitos de vida, estas lesões são observadas com maior frequência. Além disso, podem causar hipersensibilidade dentinária, insatisfação estética e comprometimento da qualidade de vida (Martins et al., 2022). A pesquisa utilizou uma revisão narrativa da literatura baseada em artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2024, selecionados nas bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO e BVS. Os descritores utilizados incluíram: “lesão cervical não cariosa”, “biocorrosão”, “fricção” e “atr > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：兒童與成人口顎肌功能障礙治療 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Obstructive sleep apnea: focus on myofunctional therapy. | Cláudia Maria de Felício; Franciele Voltarelli da Silva Dias | | | | 2 | [The contribution of orofacial myofunctional reeducation to the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoe | Philippe Amat; Éric Tran Lu Y | | | | 3 | Oropharyngeal Exercise for OSA Patients | Kyung-A Kim; Su-Jung Kim | | | | 4 | Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Effectivity in Child's Anterior Open Bite | G'ofurov Mirzohid Ilhomjon o'g'li | | | | 5 | Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Effectivityin Child's Anterior Open Bite | Harun Achmad | | | | 6 | Rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale assistée par gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée : une rev | Philippe Amat | | | | 7 | Orofacial myofunctional therapy for pediatric sleep disordered breathing | Maria Pia Villa; Melania Evangelisti | | | | 8 | The Efficiency of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analys | Feng Zhang; Zhuoyu Tian; Yan Shu; Bin Zou; Hongbing Yao | | | | 9 | Orofacial myofunctional reeducation assisted by a prefabricated reeducation appliance: a systematic | Philippe Amat; Éric Tran Lu Y | | | | 10 | Serious Games in Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder Therapy for Children: An Expert Survey. | Daniel Hieber; Anna Heindl; Maximilian Karthan; Felix Holl; | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Obstructive sleep apnea: focus on myofunctional therapy.** > **[原文]** Purpose Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is a modality of treatment for children and adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to promote changes in the musculature of the upper airways. This review summarizes and discusses the effects of OMT on OSA, the therapeutic programs employed, and their possible mechanisms of action. Methods We conducted an online literature search using the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Search terms were "obstructive sleep apnea" in combination with "myofunctional therapy" OR "oropharyngeal exercises" OR "speech therapy". We considered original articles in English and Portuguese containing a diagnosis of OSA based on polysomnography (PSG). The primary outcomes of interest for this review were objective measurement derived from PSG and > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] [The contribution of orofacial myofunctional reeducation to the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA): a systematic review of the literature].** > **[原文]** Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA) is a widespread and under-diagnosed condition, making it a major public health and safety problem. Orofacial myofunctional reeducation (OMR) has been shown to be effective in the multidisciplinary treatment of OSA in children, adolescents and adults and is prescribed at several stages of OSA management. The main objective of this systematic literature review was to evaluate the effectiveness of active or passive orofacial myofunctional reeducation (OMR) in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in children, adolescents and adults. The systematic literature review was undertaken from the three electronic databases: Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, and supplemented by a limited grey literature search ( > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] Oropharyngeal Exercise for OSA Patients** > **[原文]** Upper airway is a soft tissue structure surrounded by oropharyngeal muscles, and the muscles is one of the genesis in OSA. As the primary treatment option in pediatric OSA or adjunctive treatment options, oropharyngeal exercises (OPE) targeting the upper airway associated muscles have been applied. OPE as a type of orofacial myofunctional therapy (MFT) is the treatment modality for OSA children and adults to train muscles related to the upper airways in order to improve nasal breathing, swallowing, sucking, chewing, and speech functions. Although limited number and heterogeneity of studies, most studies demonstrated that OPE improves the OSA severity and subjective OSA symptoms in mild-to-moderate OSA adult patients, children and adults patients with primary snoring, and children with resi > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Effectivity in Child's Anterior Open Bite** > **[原文]** Background: Anterior Open Bite (AOB) is a malocclusion condition characterized by the absence of contact between the upper and lower anterior teeth, resulting from oral bad habits for a long time or abnormalities in skeletal patterns. AOB leads a lack of confidence in children because of the difficulty for lip sealing and the unclear pronunciation function. AOB occurs in children and continues into adulthood so it needs to be treated early on at the age of growth and development. One method of treating AOB is Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT) which is a method to improve the stability of the stomatognatic system by involving the exercise of the facial and neck muscles. Aim: Literature Review (LR) writing aims to find out the effectiveness of OMT in the case of AOB children, how the tre > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Effectivityin Child's Anterior Open Bite** > **[原文]** Background: Anterior Open Bite (AOB) is a malocclusion condition characterized by the absence of contact between the upper and lower anterior teeth, resulting from oral bad habits for a long time or abnormalities in skeletal patterns. AOB leads a lack of confidence in children because of the difficulty for lip sealing and the unclear pronunciation function. AOB occurs in children and continues into adulthood so it needs to be treated early on at the age of growth and development. One method of treating AOB is Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT) which is a method to improve the stability of the stomatognatic system by involving the exercise of the facial and neck muscles. Aim: Literature Review (LR) writing aims to find out the effectiveness of OMT in the case of AOB children, how the tr > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] Rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale assistée par gouttière de rééducation préfabriquée : une revue systématique de la littérature** > **[原文]** Several cross-sectional studies have shown the association of a dysfunctional orofacial environment with a greater prevalence of malocclusions. Orofacial myofunctional reeducation (OFMR) is the rehabilitation of the muscles, functions and resting postures of the orofacial complex. It is used in the therapeutic management of orofacial dysfunction in patients of all ages and with a wide range of disorders and comorbidities. RMOF mainly uses isotonic and isometric exercises targeting the oral and oropharyngeal structures, combined with specific exercises for ventilation, swallowing and mastication. It may involve the use of prefabricated reeducation appliances (PRAs), which may also be prescribed to modify the shape and relationship of the dental arches.The primary objective of this systemati > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] Orofacial myofunctional therapy for pediatric sleep disordered breathing** > **[原文]** Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifactorial disorder. Pathophysiological factors associated with OSA include airway collapsibility, poor pharyngeal muscle responsiveness, a low arousal threshold, and a high loop gain. Children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) present with alterations in posture and mobility of the stomatognathic system components. Orofacial myofunctional therapy in children with OSA promotes changes in the orofacial musculature of the upper airways and helps to reestablish correct habits and functioning of orofacial muscles. Orofacial myofunctional exercises could serve as an adjunct therapy to other OSA treatments. Early identification and intervention during childhood development is essential to optimize normal airway growth and for durable results related to > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] The Efficiency of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.** > **[原文]** OBJECTIVE The literature on orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) in children and adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was systematically reviewed to investigate the effects of OMT on patients with OSA by age and disease severity to verify the effect of OMT on OSA. DATA SOURCES All the comparative literature was retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries. METHOD We searched the articles published up to February 12, 2022 and followed the preferred reporting project for systematic review and meta-analysis of reports. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Of the primary indicators for evaluating OSA, 13 studies reported on the apnea index (AHI), showing a decrease in the mean standard deviation of AHI from before OMT to af > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] Orofacial myofunctional reeducation assisted by a prefabricated reeducation appliance: a systematic review of the literature** > **[原文]** Introduction Several cross-sectional studies have shown the association of a dysfunctional orofacial environment with a greater prevalence of malocclusions. Orofacial myofunctional reeducation (OFMR) is the rehabilitation of the muscles, functions and resting postures of the orofacial complex. It is used in the therapeutic management of orofacial dysfunction in patients of all ages and with a wide range of disorders and comorbidities. RMOF mainly uses isotonic and isometric exercises targeting the oral and oropharyngeal structures, combined with specific exercises for ventilation, swallowing and mastication. It may involve the use of prefabricated reeducation appliances (PRAs), which may also be prescribed to modify the shape and relationship of the dental arches. Objectives The primary > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] Serious Games in Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder Therapy for Children: An Expert Survey.** > **[原文]** Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder (OMD) is believed to affect approximately 30-50% of all children. The various causes of OMD often revolve around an incorrect resting position of the tongue and cause symptoms such as difficulty in speech and swallowing. While these symptoms can persist and lead to jaw deformities, such as overjet and open bite, manual therapy has been shown to be effective, especially in children. However, much of the therapy must be done as home exercises by children without the supervision of a therapist. Since these exercises are often not perceived as exciting by the children, half-hearted performance or complete omission of the exercises is common, rendering the therapy less effective or completely useless. To overcome this limitation, we implemented the LudusMyo plat > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：嬰兒型吞嚥模式與成人吞嚥轉換 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | A deglutição atípica como forma desenvolvimento pós-natal da função oral: Revisão de Literatura | Erika Larice Silva Aguiar; Naiara Samara de Azevedo Barbosa; | | | | 2 | Quantitative imaging of tongue kinematics during infant feeding and adult swallowing reveals highly | Catherine Watson Genna; Yiela Saperstein; Scott A. Siegel; A | | | | 3 | Ontogenetic changes in Mammalian feeding: insights from electromyographic data. | Regina Campbell-Malone; Alfred W. Crompton; Allan J. Thexton | | | | 4 | The coordination of breathing and swallowing across the human lifespan : implications for neural con | Bronwen Noreen Kelly | | | | 5 | The first year of human life: coordinating respiration and nutritive swallowing. | Bronwen N. Kelly; Maggie-Lee Huckabee; Richard D. Jones; Ric | | | | 6 | Sucking and swallowing in infants. | J. R. T. Colley; B. Creamer | | | | 7 | Frühkindliches Schlucken | D. Kühn; Simone Miller; C. Schwemmle; M. Jungheim; M. Ptok | | | | 8 | Infant swallowing and dysphagia | Lisa A. Newman | | | | 9 | [Feeding, eating, and swallowing disorders in infants and children : An overview]. | C. Schwemmle; Christoph Arens | | | | 10 | Deglución atípica: Una revisión | Ramiro León Díaz Campos | | | ### 摘要 **[1] A deglutição atípica como forma desenvolvimento pós-natal da função oral: Revisão de Literatura** > **[原文]** O processo fisiológico da deglutição desempenha um papel vital ao transportar saliva, alimentos e líquidos da boca ao estômago por meio de um reflexo complexo, envolvendo componentes do sistema estomatognático que colaboram com o sistema nervoso central por meio de circuitos neurais no esôfago. Esta função é composta por três fases distintas: preparatória/oral, faríngea e esofágica. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal examinar a fisiologia da deglutição atípica, com base em uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente, abordando suas principais características, causas e consequências dentro do período de 2018 a 2023. A deglutição atípica está associada à posição inadequada da língua e de outros músculos envolvidos no processo. Durante a fase de dentição mista, ocorrem al > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] Quantitative imaging of tongue kinematics during infant feeding and adult swallowing reveals highly conserved patterns.** > **[原文]** Tongue motility is an essential physiological component of human feeding from infancy through adulthood. At present, it is a challenge to distinguish among the many pathologies of swallowing due to the absence of quantitative tools. We objectively quantified tongue kinematics from ultrasound imaging during infant and adult feeding. The functional advantage of this method is presented in several subjects with swallowing difficulties. We demonstrated for the first time the differences in tongue kinematics during breast- and bottle-feeding, showing the arrhythmic sucking pattern during bottle-feeding as compared with breastfeeding in the same infant with torticollis. The method clearly displayed the improvement of tongue motility after frenotomy in infants with either tongue-tie or restrictiv > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] Ontogenetic changes in Mammalian feeding: insights from electromyographic data.** > **[原文]** All infant mammals make a transition from suckling milk to eating solid foods. Yet, the neuromuscular implications of the transition from a liquid-only diet to solid foods are unknown even though the transport and swallowing of liquids is different from that of solids. We used legacy electromyography (EMG) data to test hypotheses concerning the changes in motor pattern and neuromuscular control that occur during the transition from an all-liquid diet to consumption of solid food in a porcine model. EMG signals were recorded from five oropharyngeal muscles in pigs at three developmental stages (infants, juveniles, and adults) feeding on milk, on food of an intermediate consistency (porridge), and on dry chow (juveniles and adults only). We measured cycle frequency and its variation in "tran > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] The coordination of breathing and swallowing across the human lifespan : implications for neural control.** > **[原文]** Our understanding of the neural control of breathin g-swallowing coordination (BSC) is largely unclear. Although brainstem control is undo ubtedly predominant, this research investigated the hypothesis that the cortex becomes increasingly influential in BSC between birth and adulthood. The main paradigm used to test his primary hypothesis was a comparison of BSC in conditions along a continuum o f v litional through non-volitional swallowing on the basis of a decreasing level of co rti al activation along this continuum. Voluntarily-initiated swallows during wakefulness w ere at one end of the continuum and reflexively-initiated swallows during sleep were at the other extreme. Non-volitional wakeful swallows were considered between these two conditio s. The BSC of ten infants between birth > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] The first year of human life: coordinating respiration and nutritive swallowing.** > **[原文]** This study provides the first documented report of the maturation of breathing-swallowing coordination during feeding in ten healthy term human infants through the first year of life. A total of 15,073 swallows were obtained across ten assessments between 48 h and 12 months of age. Midexpiratory swallows represented the dominant pattern of breathing-swallowing coordination within the first 48 h (mean = 45.4%), but the prevalence of this pattern declined rapidly in the first week to 29.1% (p = 0.012). Inspiratory-expiratory swallows increased with age (p < 0.001), particularly between 9 (37.0%) and 12 months (50.4%). Between 72.6% and 75.0% of swallows were followed by expiration in the latter 6 months, which is an adult-like characteristic. These data suggest that while postswallow expirat > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] Sucking and swallowing in infants.** > **[原文]** It is firmly embedded in tradition that infants obtain their milk by sucking. Objective evidence for this has been presented by workers who have recorded negative pressures in the mouth during feeding (Gunther, 1945; Hytten, 1951). However, there is a large body of opinion which maintains that infants express milk from the teat by a squeezing process. Support for this view has come from a recent cineradiographic study of bottlefeeding (Ardran et al., 1958). The present study was designed to reinvestigate this problem and also to define the swallowing mechanism of infants. The technique used, that of recording the intraluminal pressures of the pharynx and oesophagus, has already been extensively practised in the investigation of the adult swallowing mechanisms. For comparison with the prese > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] Frühkindliches Schlucken** > **[原文]** Mit der steigenden Zahl an Frühgeburten 1 und den voranschreitenden Möglichkeiten der Neonatalmedizin steigt die Inzidenz frühkindlicher Schluckstörungen. Kenntnisse über die Entwicklungsabläufe und anatomischen Zusammenhänge der prä- und postnatalen Schluckfunktionen sind grundlegend für die Diagnostik und Behandlung von frühkindlichen Schluckstörungen. Übersichtsarbeit nach selektiver Literaturrecherche in PubMed. Während der embryonalen und ­fetalen Entwicklung wird das ungeborene Kind durch Reifungsprozesse der oropharyngealen Strukturen, der Saug- und Schluckfunktionen auf die spätere (postnatale) Nahrungsaufnahme vorbereitet. Die Kenntnis über die einzelnen Entwicklungsstufen ist grundlegend, um die Fähigkeit der Nahrungsaufnahme bei Frühgeborenen beurteilen zu können. Aufgrund der a > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] Infant swallowing and dysphagia** > **[原文]** The diagnosis of infant swallowing disorders differs from that of the adult because of differences in the relationship of anatomic structures and lack of neurologic maturation. In addition, dysphagic infants may experience pulmonary complications, such as pneumonia, apnea, and sudden infant death. Recent research demonstrates a relationship between swallowing and apnea-bradycardia, as well as dysphagia and pulmonary complications. This paper reviews infant anatomy, neurophysiology of the infant swallow, and swallowing disorders. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between swallowing and respiratory and cardiac function and on the specific disorders of the swallowing mechanism that underlie pulmonary complications. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] [Feeding, eating, and swallowing disorders in infants and children : An overview].** > **[原文]** Swallowing is a dynamic process that requires more than 30 muscles in the recruitment/coordination of the lips, tongue, palate, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. The eating and swallowing procedure is learned in sensitive or critical periods: when a certain degree of maturation has been achieved, the appropriate stimulus permits a certain milestone of development to occur. The swallowing procedure occurs in three main stages oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal. Therefore, swallowing disorders may present in any, some, or all of these stages in addition to feeding problems. Adult dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, has long been reported in the literature. Infants and children also experience feeding disorders and swallowing problems, either because of developmental disorders, syndromes, behavio > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] Deglución atípica: Una revisión** > **[原文]** Estudio retrospectivo de revision bibliográfica sobre deglución atípica o infantil, cuyo propósito fue realizar una puesta al día sobre su etiología, secuelas, diagnóstico y tratamiento a partir de la literatura publicada en los últimos 20 años. De dicha indagación, se concluye que la deglución atípica es un hábito relativamente frecuente en la población infantil, que cursa preferentemente como interposición lingual, objetivable a la evaluación clínica fonoaudiológica cuyo tratamiento va a depender de la edad, características del paciente y consecuencias asociadas, con la intervención de un equipo interdisciplinario que garantice la rehabilitación del paciente. > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：深頸屈肌/舌骨/舌根與吞嚥功能 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Spatial and temporal relationship between swallow-related hyoid movement and bolus propulsion during | Jin Magara; Hirokazu Hayashi; Chika Kanda; Kazuhiro Hori; Hi | | | | 2 | 3D Hyolingual Kinematics Reveal New Insights Into the Biomechanical and Neural Control of Chewing an | Callum F. Ross; Kara Feilich; Nicholas J. Gidmark; J. D. Lau | | | | 3 | The Thyrohyoid Muscle: A Crucial Player in Deglutition and Vocalization | Yeseong Cho; Jeong Joon Han; Jung Hwan Jo; Young-Seok Park | | | | 4 | 3D hyoid and tongue kinematics reveal mechanism of tongue base retraction during swallowing in Didel | Peishu Li; Nicholas J. Gidmark; Zhe-Xi Luo; Ross F. Callum | | | | 5 | sj-docx-1-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Sw | Keskool Phawin | | | | 6 | sj-docx-1-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Sw | Keskool Phawin | | | | 7 | sj-pdf-2-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swa | Keskool Phawin | | | | 8 | sj-pdf-2-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swa | Keskool Phawin | | | | 9 | Head posture impacts mammalian hyoid position and suprahyoid muscle length: implication for swallowi | Peishu Li; Callum F. Ross; Zhe-Xi Luo; Nicholas J. Gidmark | | | | 10 | XROMM and diceCT reveal a hydraulic mechanism of tongue base retraction in swallowing | Courtney P. Orsbon; Nicholas J. Gidmark; Nicholas J. Gidmark | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Spatial and temporal relationship between swallow-related hyoid movement and bolus propulsion during swallowing** > **[原文]** The present study was undertaken to validate how descent of the hyoid position, considered as a pathological condition of dysphagia, affect swallowing function by evaluating spatial and temporal hyoid excursion, hyoid position and bolus transmission in healthy volunteers and patients with dysphagia. All subjects, including 65 patients with dysphagia and 10 normal volunteers, were examined using videofluorographic images. These images were analyzed to measure the time series of hyoid movement and bolus transmission based on the moment the tip of the tongue starts to move. The hyoid position was also investigated, and the origin was defined on the anterior ridge of the fourth cervical vertebra. Statistical comparison between both groups was then performed. The oral and pharyngeal transit tim > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] 3D Hyolingual Kinematics Reveal New Insights Into the Biomechanical and Neural Control of Chewing and Swallowing in Macaque Primates** > **[原文]** Hyolingual kinematics are difficult to measure, but are central to hypotheses regarding musculoskeletal mechanisms and motor control. Recent application of biplanar videoradiography to the study of hyolingual kinematics in nonhuman primates provides new insight into tongue movements during chewing and swallowing, and into the role of hyoid movement in tongue base retraction and the oral phase of swallowing. During grape chewing, complex shape changes in the tongue were dominated by a combination of flexion in the tongue’s sagittal planes and roll about its long axis. As hypothesized for humans, in macaques during tongue retraction the molar region of the tongue rolls to the chewing side simultaneous with sagittal flexion, while the tongue tip flexes to the balancing side. Twisting and flex > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] The Thyrohyoid Muscle: A Crucial Player in Deglutition and Vocalization** > **[原文]** The thyrohyoid muscle is one of the four infrahyoid muscles. Its role in vocalization and deglutition could be often overlooked, despite its crucial participation in these processes. Unlike other infrahyoid muscles, the thyrohyoid muscle receives innervation from the first cervical spinal nerves which contributes to its unique function. Its primary action involves hyolaryngeal elevation during swallowing, contributing to the opening of the upper esophageal sphincter. In conjunction with other muscles, it also protects the airway and facilitates the passage of food into the esophagus. Variations in the muscle's thickness may exist, and its function can be influenced by chewing habits. Weakened muscles involved in swallowing are often associated with dysphagia, a common complication in strok > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] 3D hyoid and tongue kinematics reveal mechanism of tongue base retraction during swallowing in Didelphis virginiana** > **[原文]** In anthropoid primates, tongue base retraction (TBR) is a key event for airway protection and bolus propulsion during swallowing. In macaques, hyoid protraction and elevation during swallowing reduce the oral volume and squeeze the tongue base to retract. This novel hyoid-powered hydraulic TBR mechanism implies that the morphology and position of the hyoid are functionally relevant for TBR performance. However, macaque’s highly derived craniofacial and hyoid morphology precludes inference on the evolutionary history and driving mechanism of TBR across mammal phylogeny at large. Here we use biplanar videoradiography and the XROMM workflow to infer TBR mechanism in Didelphis virginiana through high-resolution 3D hyolingual kinematics. Similar to macaques, Didelphis has an incomplete hyoid co > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] sj-docx-1-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery** > **[原文]** Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery by Massupa Sanguanchom, Phawin Keskool, Paiboon Sureepong and Sunun Ongard in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] sj-docx-1-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery** > **[原文]** Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery by Massupa Sanguanchom, Phawin Keskool, Paiboon Sureepong and Sunun Ongard in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] sj-pdf-2-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery** > **[原文]** Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery by Massupa Sanguanchom, Phawin Keskool, Paiboon Sureepong and Sunun Ongard in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] sj-pdf-2-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 – Supplemental material for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery** > **[原文]** Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-ear-10.1177_01455613231191019 for Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery by Massupa Sanguanchom, Phawin Keskool, Paiboon Sureepong and Sunun Ongard in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] Head posture impacts mammalian hyoid position and suprahyoid muscle length: implication for swallowing biomechanics** > **[原文]** Instantaneous head posture (IHP) can extensively alter resting hyoid position in humans, yet postural effects on resting hyoid position remain poorly documented among mammals in general. Clarifying this relationship is essential for evaluating interspecific variation in hyoid posture across evolution, and understanding its implications for hyolingual soft tissue function and swallowing motor control. Using Didelphis virginiana as a model, we conducted static manipulation experiments to show that head flexion shifts hyoid position rostrally relative to the cranium across different gapes. IHP-induced shifts in hyoid position along the anteroposterior axis are comparable to in vivo hyoid protraction distance during swallowing. IHP also has opposite effects on passive genio- and stylohyoid mus > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] XROMM and diceCT reveal a hydraulic mechanism of tongue base retraction in swallowing** > **[原文]** During primate swallowing, tongue base retraction (TBR) drives the food bolus across the oropharynx towards the esophagus and flips the epiglottis over the laryngeal inlet, protecting against penetration and aspiration of food into the airway. Despite the importance of TBR for swallowing performance, the mechanics of TBR are poorly understood. Using biplanar videoradiography (XROMM) of four macaque monkeys, we tested the extrinsic muscle shortening hypothesis, which posits that shortening of the hyoglossus and styloglossus muscles pulls the tongue base posteriorly, and the muscular hydrostat or intrinsic tongue muscle hypothesis, which suggests that, because the tongue is composed of incompressible fluid, intrinsic muscle shortening increases tongue length and displaces the tongue base pos > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** ## 查詢：IOPI 舌壓量測與口腔運動功能評估 **狀態**：ok | **論文數**：10 | # | 標題 | 作者 | 年份 | 引用數 | |---|------|------|------|--------| | 1 | Accuracy of tongue strength, endurance, and pressure using Iowa oral performance instrument and pred | Yen-Fang Chou; Chien‐Mei Sung; Yuhao Chu; Kai‐Jo Chiang; Rue | | | | 2 | Tongue strength rehabilitation using biofeedback: a case report | Aline Vargas Maia; Renata Maria Moreira Moraes Furlan; Keine | | | | 3 | Characterization of tongue pressure in the elderly Caracterização da pressão da língua em idosos | Hipólito Virgílio; Magalhães Junior; Juliana Carvalho Tavare | | | | 4 | From Bench to Bedside: Evaluating a Low-Cost Tongue Pressure Device Prototype for Clinical and Commu | Myint Thu; Boosana Kaboosaya; Arporn Teeramongkonrasmee; Pan | | | | 5 | Quantitative Measurement of Swallowing Performance Using Iowa Oral Performance Instrument: A Systema | Raffaella Franciotti; Erica Di Maria; Michele D'Attilio; Giu | | | | 6 | The Effects of Tongue Pressure Strength and Accuracy Training on Tongue Strength and Speech Function | 김보중; sungyoung Ma | | | | 7 | A Pilot Assessment of Concurrent Validity and Comparative Reference Values for the Tongueometer Tong | Sophia Werden Abrams; Rebekah Guastella; Stefania Oppedisano | | | | 8 | Criterion (Concurrent) Validity and Clinical Utility of the Tongueometer Device. | Brittany N. Krekeler; Anna K. Hopkins; Meredith E. Tabangin; | | | | 9 | Variability in tongue pressure among elderly and young healthy cohorts: A systematic review and meta | Itsuka Arakawa; Itsuka Arakawa; Kensuke Igarashi; Yoshiki Im | | | | 10 | Impact of Oral Myofunctional Therapy on Orofacial Myofunctional Status and Tongue Strength in Patien | Francesco Mozzanica; Nicole Pizzorni; Letizia Scarponi; Gior | | | ### 摘要 **[1] Accuracy of tongue strength, endurance, and pressure using Iowa oral performance instrument and predictors of dysphagia in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study** > **[原文]** Abstract Background Decreased tongue strength, pressure, and endurance are key indicators in determining oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). This study aimed to examine the accuracy of the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) in assessing tongue strength, endurance, and pressure, and to identify predictors of OD. Methods In this study, we analyzed data of community-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 65 years) collected between March to December 2022. The accuracy for IOPI was examined with Receiver operating characteristic curve using area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) and optimal cutoff with Youden index (J). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for predictors of OD were performed presenting odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Re > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[2] Tongue strength rehabilitation using biofeedback: a case report** > **[原文]** This research had the objective of reporting a clinical case in which the rehabilitation of tongue strength with biofeedback strategy was performed. This case report addresses a 20-year-old patient whose orofacial myofunctional evaluation revealed a severe decrease in the force of the anterior third of the tongue and changes in lingual mobility and coordination. The measurement of tongue pressure was performed using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) during elevation, protrusion and lateralization, and it was verified a reduction in the values ​​obtained in all measured directions, compared with normality patterns. We performed 11 sessions of therapy, with weekly frequency, using a biofeedback strategy that consisted of computer games controlled by the tongue. An instrument embedd > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[3] Characterization of tongue pressure in the elderly Caracterização da pressão da língua em idosos** > **[原文]** Purpose: To characterize tongue pressure in elderly individuals Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 45 individuals aged between 61 and 96 years old (34 [756%] women; 11 [244%] men) with no neurological or cognitive disorders, no history of head or neck cancer, and no history of radiotherapy The subjects were surveyed with a questionnaire that recorded the presence or absence of complaints about swallowing problems and an orofacial myofunctional evaluation, which examined the movement and tension of the tongue The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) was used to measure tongue pressure The data analysis was descriptive, with significance set at the 5% level Results: The mean pressure peak was 446 kPa (±16), with minimum and maximum values of 9 and 88 kPa, respectively Pre > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[4] From Bench to Bedside: Evaluating a Low-Cost Tongue Pressure Device Prototype for Clinical and Community Use** > **[原文]** A bstract Aim: This study evaluated the test–retest reliability, concurrent validity, and usability of the Chulalongkorn University Prototype Tongue Pressure Instrument (CUPTI), a novel low-cost manometer for maximum tongue strength (MTS) measurement, in comparison to the standard Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Materials and Methods: Sixty healthy adults (20–80 years) were randomized into two groups in a cross-over design. Participants underwent MTS assessment using both devices. Reliability was assessed through intraclass correlation coefficients, while concurrent validity was evaluated through Pearson correlation and Bland–Altman analysis. Effect size (Cohen’s d ) was used to assess discriminative ability. Measurement time was compared using a paired t test, and multivariable r > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[5] Quantitative Measurement of Swallowing Performance Using Iowa Oral Performance Instrument: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis** > **[原文]** Swallowing is a complex but stereotyped motor activity aimed at serving two vital purposes: alimentary function and the protection of upper airways. Therefore, any impairment of the swallowing act can represent a significant clinical and personal problem that needs an accurate diagnosis by means of reliable and non-invasive techniques. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the reliability of the Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI) in distinguishing healthy controls (HC) from patients affected by swallowing disorders or pathologies and conditions that imply dysphagia. A comprehensive search was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[6] The Effects of Tongue Pressure Strength and Accuracy Training on Tongue Strength and Speech Function of Chronic Stroke Patients** > **[原文]** The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the tongue's maximum resistance training program on the accuracy of the tongue training program using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) and to compare the effects of tongue muscle strength and spoken language function on objective function. The experiment was diagnosed with stroke hemiplegia divided into tongue pressure strength and accuracy training therapy group and the oromotor exercise therapy group Anterior Tongue Pressure(ATP), Posterior Tongue Pressure (PTP), and Posterior Tongue Pressure (PTP) were measured before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in tongue strength and verbal ability. Maximum Phonation Time (MPT). The results of this study are as follows. There was no significant difference in tongue st > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[7] A Pilot Assessment of Concurrent Validity and Comparative Reference Values for the Tongueometer Tongue Pressure Manometer** > **[原文]** Objective measures of lingual strength are used in both clinical practice and research to provide information regarding the ability of the tongue to contribute to safe and efficient swallowing. The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) is the most frequently used tongue pressure manometer and is considered to be the gold standard. The Tongueometer device was developed to circumvent IOPI shortcomings including bulb slippage, cost, and patient utility. As such, the aims of this pilot study were to examine the validity of the Tongueometer and to obtain comparative adult reference values. Using the Tongueometer, participants completed three trials of anterior and posterior maximum isometric lingual pressure and regular effort saliva swallow tasks. Moreover, 41% of participants a > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[8] Criterion (Concurrent) Validity and Clinical Utility of the Tongueometer Device.** > **[原文]** PURPOSE Tongue manometry (i.e., tongue pressure measurement) is a commonly used assessment for patients with suspected oral-motor involvement in swallowing disorders. Availability of lingual manometry has changed in recent years, with the introduction of the Tongueometer device being a more affordable tongue manometry system. The purpose of this study was to test concurrent (criterion) validity of the Tongueometer compared to the current standard reference device, the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). METHOD Adults without dysphagia were recruited for participation in this study. Standard lingual measurements (swallowing-related pressures, maximum isometric pressure [MIP], and maximum isometric endurance) were recorded, with the bulb anteriorly placed, with both devices, in a rand > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[9] Variability in tongue pressure among elderly and young healthy cohorts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.** > **[原文]** OBJECTIVES Tongue pressure (TP) is used for the diagnosis of oral hypofunction; however, the impact of several variables on TP is unclear. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyse the variability in tongue pressure among healthy individuals aged ≥60 years vs <60 years. Secondary outcomes were the influence of gender and the type of measuring device (Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) vs JMS tongue pressure measurement device (JMS)). METHODS PubMed and the Japanese database Ichushi-Web were searched systematically by two independent reviewers for studies reporting TP values in healthy populations. Clinical studies published between 1959 and June 2020 with more than 10 participants, written in English, German or Japanese, were included. A random-effect > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]** **[10] Impact of Oral Myofunctional Therapy on Orofacial Myofunctional Status and Tongue Strength in Patients with Tongue Thrust.** > **[原文]** Introduction Tongue thrust is a frequent clinical condition characterized by abnormal patterns of movements and altered tongue posture on the mouth floor. It might contribute to determining alterations in the maxillofacial morphology and in the development of malocclusion. Several therapeutic options are available for treatment. In particular, the orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is frequently adopted even if only few studies have analyzed its efficacy using validated instruments and no information is available regarding the effect of dentition on the results obtained with OMT. Objective To evaluate the effect of OMT through a validated instrument and explore the role of dentition on its efficacy. Methods A total of 22 consecutive patients with tongue thrust were enrolled. According t > **[整合翻譯於 STEP 3]**